Accidents happen when we least expect them, and while we can't control when or how they occur, knowing the right steps to take afterwards is crucial. The actions you take in the minutes and hours following an accident can significantly impact your safety, health, and legal standing. Here’s a step-by-step guide on what to do after a car accident.
Stay calm and assess the situation
The initial shock of being involved in an accident can be overwhelming, but it's vital to stay calm. Take a few deep breaths and assess the situation quickly. Check for injuries—both your own and others’—and evaluate the severity of the crash. If anyone is injured, don’t attempt to move them unless there's an immediate risk, like fire. Remaining calm will help you think clearly and manage the aftermath more effectively.
Pro Tip: Press firmly below the nose to help an injured person stay calm and conscious.
Move to safety
If possible, move your vehicle to the side of the road. Turn on your hazard lights to alert other drivers. If the accident is minor and you can drive, move the car away from traffic to avoid further accidents. However, if the accident is serious or the vehicle is unsafe, it’s best to leave the car where it is to allow police and emergency services to assess the scene.
If the accident is minor, try to collect evidence like photos of the damage, the scene, and witness information. This will be crucial later.
Call for emergency services
Whether the accident seems minor or major, it’s always important to call for emergency services. Dial 108 for an ambulance to ensure that anyone injured gets professional medical attention. Even if injuries appear minor, an ambulance can help prevent complications that may not be immediately visible.
If necessary, dial 100 or 112 to notify the police. Filing an FIR (First Information Report) is important for legal purposes.
Seek medical attention
Even if you don’t feel hurt immediately, it's advisable to get a full medical check-up. Injuries like internal bleeding or concussions may not be noticeable right away but could become life-threatening if left untreated. A medical evaluation will also be critical if there are any disputes about the severity of injuries later on.
Preserve medical evidence for further investigation
Keep all medical records, bills, prescriptions, and doctor’s notes related to the accident. These documents will be invaluable for any insurance claims or legal proceedings. A medico-legal certificate (MLC) from a hospital is essential to officially document injuries from the accident.
Claim compensation
In the event of a hit-and-run or severe injuries, compensation is provided by the Central Government. Victims of a fatal accident are eligible for ₹2 lakh, while those with grievous injuries can claim ₹50,000.
You can also file an insurance claim. Under Section 140 of the Motor Vehicles Act, victims can claim compensation without needing to prove fault, as long as a vehicle was involved.
Inform your insurance company
As soon as you can, notify your insurance company about the accident. Prompt reporting is crucial for a smooth claims process. They will send a surveyor to assess the damage and determine the admissibility of your claim.
If third-party injuries are involved, avoid moving the vehicle until the insurance company’s representative inspects the scene.
Understand your coverage
It's essential to be familiar with the details of your insurance coverage. Third-party insurance is mandatory in India, and knowing what your policy covers can make a huge difference. Look for add-ons like roadside assistance, medical payment coverage, or zero-depreciation plans to better prepare for future incidents.
File an insurance claim
After informing your insurance company, file your claim as soon as possible. Provide all relevant details and documentation, such as the First Notice of Loss (FNOL), accident reports, and witness statements. The claims adjuster will review the case and inform you of your eligibility for compensation.
Arrange vehicle repairs
Once the claim is filed and processed, coordinate with your insurer to get your vehicle repaired. It's important to understand what your policy covers, especially when it comes to third-party damage. If possible, use a network workshop that offers cashless repair services with your insurance.
Pro Tip: Consider installing a dash cam in your vehicle to record incidents and provide clear evidence to the police and your insurance company.
Legal rights and good Samaritan law
Beyond the practical steps, it's essential to understand your legal rights. The Good Samaritan Law protects individuals who help accident victims from liability or harassment. This encourages bystanders to assist accident victims without fear of legal repercussions, which is crucial in creating a safer, more supportive environment for everyone involved.
Dealing with the aftermath of a car accident is never easy, but knowing what to do can make all the difference. By staying calm, ensuring medical care, documenting the incident, and following legal procedures, you can help protect yourself, the victims, and other drivers on the road. Always be prepared for the unexpected by familiarising yourself with your rights and responsibilities, and stay safe on the road.
